Ends alvord and nelson alvord



UNITE STATES ATEN T GFFIGE.,

ENOS ALVORD AND NELSON ALVORD, OF VVESTFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS.

LATI-IE FOR TURNING,

Specification o'f Letters Patent No. 43, dated October 11, 1836.

To all 'whom t may concern:

Be it known that we, ENos ALvoRD and NELSON ALvoRD, of West-field, inthe county of Hampden and State of Massachusetts,

have invented a new and improved machine j or lathe adapted to theturning of a great variety of articles, both large'and small,`

according to the purpose to which it is toy be applied, and its framework `may be differently constructed while the principle upon which it noperates will remain unchanged, but forV the purpose ofdescription, wehave taken, and given the dimensions of the parts of a medium size,which we have constructed, and used, and which we have found to answerwell in practice.

In the drawing, a, a, b, b, (Z, CZ, and e, e, represent the frame workof the machine, a, a are two sills live feet and a half long threeinches high, and two inches thick.

b, I), are three cross sills, one foot long from inside to inside,iiveand a half inches high, and two inches thick, they consequently risetwo and a half inches above the side sills, and this is done for'thepurpose vof passing a bolt through them and through the posts d, d.These four posts areve inches long from shoulder to shoulder, and aretwo inches square. The plates e, e, constituting the top of the frame,are two inches thick, and three wide. The mandrel c is fixed in theordinary way of fixing mandrels in colleer and mandrel lathes, and sothat its axis shall correspond with a center line between the sills andthe plates. The two head sills b, I), are fourteen inches apart whichallows a good length for the man.- drel.

Screw rods or bolts f, f, f, extend from the side sills to the plates oneach side of the frame, as shown in the drawing. The

ends of these bolts are formed into pivots which pass into, and revolvein bushed holes in the sills, and plates, five such bolts on each sidewe deem sufficient for a machine of the size described. These bolts maybe l iive-eighths of an inch in diameter, in the middle they are made:square for about half an inch in length for the purpose of turn ingthem by means of a wrench., they are tapped at one end with a righthanded, and

at the other with a left handed screw, the

threads of which must be equal, and extend from the pivots to thesquare. Elastic strips lof steel or other metal g, g, two inches wilde,and one-fourth of an inch thick are drilled :and tapped so as tocorrespond with-@fthe screws on the bolts which pass-through them, andby being turned determine the dist-ance of these strips from each otherfor the pur pose to be presently ,described` The piece marked la, andshown separately in Figure 2, we denomina-te the jack, it is made oftimber three inches square, and its length is such as to till the spacebetween the lopposite strips g, g, b y which it is to be guided in itsVpassage along thev machine. It has on each end a plate of metal, z',which may be a circular disk of cast-iron, half any inch thick, andthreeinches in diameter, on each of these plates there are four project` ingpins, le, 7c, 7:, 7c, placed in pairs at the opposite edges, the twoforming a pair being one-fourth of an inch `apart, so as to -embrace thestrips g., g, betweenvthem, the jack thus constructed vwhen placedbetween these places, and embracing them by its pins may Y be made toslide along them, and will adapt it to such sinuosit-y, or curvature asmay be given to them Upon the under side of ,the jack .a cutter b, isfixed which cutter is curved, and answers the purpose both of a gouge,and chisel in the operationof turning, it lies along the face of thejack to which it is affixed by a screw, in its nvowtch,V

the cutting edges being immediately"iinder the throat n, through whichthe turnings are delivered. M, M, M, are setscrewswhich bear against andregulate the cutter.

There is a second piece of timber similar in size to the jack, and armedat each end in like manner with plates, and pins tting on the lowersteel plates, and forming a counter to the jack, as the piece to beturned is embraced between them. An excavation 1 is made on the upperface of the cut to receive the article to be turned. It is in form likethe haltl of a trumpet mouth, admitting at its longer part the unturnedarticle, and by its smaller, coniining it when turned. The piece markedO, on the jack is an iron rest, or cheek piece, which is made to bearCil the guides g, g. The cross excavation on ,thel

cat, before spoken of, is faced with, or consists of iron, and upon theface of the jack opposite to the edge of the cutter there is aprojecting piece of iron, similar in form to one half of the excavationin the cat, and corresponding with it.

The part called w, yw, is called' the slide, and is shown separately inFig. 4. lts upper part consists of a frame about one foot square whichis furnished with tongues that lit into grooves on the inner edges ofthe plates e, e, as shown in the drawing. S, S, S, S, are parallel ironrods half an inch in diameter and three inches apart, so placed as toembrace the plates, or disks z', z', on either end of the jack, and catbetween them; 25, t, are braces to steady them. Between these rods thejack and cat can traverse up, and down, and vibrate to the extentrequired as they pass along the steel guides. TheI part u, as shownseparately in Fig. 5, we

call the catch, as its office is to hold, and` steady the part of thearticle which has been turned; it runs in grooves in the sills, itsstandard, or upright, Q1, having a hole in it sufficiently large for theintended purpose. It is brought up by the weight X, and its structureand use are too obvious to require further description.

VOpera-tion: When the article to be turned is intended to be cylindricalor of the same diameter from end to end thescrew-bolts f, f, are soturned that the guide strips g, g,

shall be parallel to each other, and at such distance apart as shallcorrespond with the intended size of the article, one end of which isthen xed in a suitable chuck, and the slide fw, w, Figa, carrying thejack, and cat, the pins, on the ends of which embrace the guide strips,is made to advance by hand so as to receive the piece to be turnedbetween the notc hin the cat, and the cutter, and by continuing toadvance the slide the turning is effected. When the jack has arrivedclose against the chuck it may be lifted out, and the turned pieceremoved, the upper guide strips having notches made in them to allow theVlower pins which embrace the strip to pass through.

When the piece to be turned is to be taper or of variable diameter theguide strips must be so set as to produce the desired form, as the endsof the guide strips must draw in when they dovnot stand parallel to eachother it will be found best, in order to prevent bending, or crampinginsetting to allow the screw bolts f, f, one of them excepted to workinbushes that are in some degree ovaling lengthwise of the frame, withoutgiving lateral play. Instead of constructing the machine with a mandrelVas described this part may be omitted, and the frame with its appendagesmay be adapted to any suitable turninglathe. 1 i

What we claim as our invention, and wish to secure by Letters Patent'is-Y vThe manner of fixing, and adjusting .the guide strips, andofcombining with them the parts which'we have called the jack, and theAcat with their appendages, constructed and operating substantially inthe manner a described.

The machine as above described is made of wood, steel, and iron, and maybe wholly made of metal.

. Enos ALvonD.

VvELsoN ALvoaD.

Witnesses:

MAXEY M. CoMcnY, AUGUSTUS COLLINS.

